Titanium dioxide
CAS# 13463-67-7

Part 2: In-depth

Industrial applications

Titanium dioxide is an important white pigment and porcelain glaze. It is used in the paint, ink, plastic, rubber, paper, chemical fiber, and watercolor pigment industries.

Titanium dioxide is sometimes added to lighten the color of plastics and to give a soft luster to rayon. In the rubber industry, titanium dioxide is also used as a filler for white rubber. The photochemical properties of semiconductor titanium dioxide have led to its use in many applications, such as the purification of air, water, and fluids. Photocatalysts doped with carbon or other heteroatoms can also be used in sealed spaces or areas with scattered light sources. When used in coatings on buildings, pavement slabs, concrete walls, or roof tiles, they can significantly increase the breakdown of airborne pollutants such as nitrogen oxides, aromatics, and aldehydes. They are also widely used in the production of sunscreens and are non-toxic and harmless to humans. Ultra-fine titanium dioxide has excellent UV shielding and transparency properties. It is widely used in cosmetics, wood protection, food packaging plastics, durable household films, man-made and natural fibers, and transparent coatings. The special optical effect in metallic flash coatings has led to its importance and application in premium car paints.

Food applications

The US Food and Drug Administration states that titanium dioxide can be used as a white pigment in all food products at a maximum use level of 1g/kg Sec. 73.575 titanium dioxide. The pigment additive titanium dioxide is safe for use in general colored foods subject to the following regulations.

(1) The amount of titanium dioxide shall not exceed 1% of the weight of the food.

(2) Colouring foods which, following the special standards published in Section 401 of the Decree, may not be used unless a similar standard allows the addition of coloring matter.

(3) For colored foodstuffs, the edible coloring additive titanium dioxide may contain suitable diluents as safe coloring additives, as follows: silica, as a dispersing aid, in an amount not exceeding 2 %.

Air purification

Titanium dioxide, as a catalyst for light paint pigments, is not only an environmentally safe cleaning agent but can also play a role in saving energy as well as protecting environmental resources.

Early Japanese and British scientists applied titanium dioxide to the surface of urban road paving stones to clean the air on the road. Titanium dioxide can be mixed with asphalt to reduce airborne pollutants. When cars pass by, the concrete or asphalt containing titanium dioxide cleans the air and removes between 25% and 45% of the nitrogen oxides from vehicle emissions. When titanium dioxide is applied to concrete surfaces, its air cleaning effect is equally remarkable.

Cooling the planet

Because titanium dioxide is effective in reflecting direct sunlight and is stable, it has good hiding power and can be effective over time if sprayed on the stratosphere. British scientists have suggested that this chemical could be brought into the stratosphere using high altitude balloons and then released, once the titanium dioxide is evenly distributed in the Earth’s stratosphere, it can effectively reflect sunlight and thus cool the Earth. As ultraviolet light has a great danger to the human body, developed countries in recent years pay more attention to the research and development of sun protection products and have launched a variety of anti-UV fibers, plastics, films, coatings, as well as sunscreen creams, foundations, lipsticks, mousses, ointments, and other sunscreen cosmetics. China has also increased the research and production of sunscreen cosmetics in recent years.

Part III: Summary

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