D-GLUCOSAMINE SULFATE 2KCL CAS# 14999-43-0

Glucosamine, a derivative of a naturally occurring amino monosaccharide, is an essential component for the synthesis of proteoglycans in the cartilage matrix. Proteoglycans can provide impact absorption in articular cartilage by inhibiting the tensile force of collagen fibers. In the early stages of degenerative joint disease, the biosynthesis of aggregated glucan is increased; in the latter stages of the disease, the opposite is true. This leads to a steady decline in cartilage elasticity and the progressive development of many symptoms of arthritis. Aminomannose stimulates chondrocytes to produce glycoproteins with normal multimeric structure, inhibits some enzymes that can damage the articular cartilage (e.g. collagenase), prevents damage to chondrocytes by corticosteroids and some NSAIDs, and reduces the release of endotoxic factors that damage cells. Exogenous glucosamine supplementation may play a beneficial role in the development of arthritis. In an in vitro test, chondrocyte-forming polymorphic cells could synthesize more aggregated glucan if supplemented with glucosamine. In animal models of arthritis, glucosamine has also been shown to have antioxidant effects, inhibiting the production of superoxide radicals that damage cells. Through these pathways, glucosamine exerts direct anti-inflammatory effects, relieves the painful symptoms of osteoarthritis, improves joint function, and stops the progression of osteoarthritis.